Mapping Seascapes – a top to bottom approach
Mapping and monitoring seascapes require an integrated approach that captures the complexity of marine ecosystems from the surface to the seafloor. A “top to bottom” framework leverages multi-source Earth Observation data and field-based measurements to provide a holistic understanding of coastal and marine environments. Satellite imagery and drone data offer synoptic views of surface features and water quality, while water column profiling adds insights into biophysical conditions. At the seafloor, techniques such as Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB), acoustic surveys, and benthic habitat classification enable detailed mapping of underwater topography and ecosystems like seagrasses and coral reefs. This integrated approach supports the detection of habitat changes, informs conservation and restoration strategies, and contributes to blue carbon assessments. By fusing surface, mid-water, and benthic data layers, the “top to bottom” methodology enhances spatial planning and ecosystem management, particularly in data-limited or remote regions. The resulting multi-scale products serve as decision-support tools for sustainable ocean governance in the face of climate change and anthropogenic pressures.